Unlike many other games , the origin of snooker has been recorded in detail. The history of this fantastic game was alluded to in 1939 in articles written by a Mr Compton Mackenzie . Slightly later in 1941 Colonel Sir Neville Chamberlain wrote about his time as a young officer serving on the staff of Field Marshal Earl Roberts in India between 1881 and 1890. He clearly states how the game of snooker was being widely enjoyed by many officers at the different bases throughout the sub continent.
At this time two other games were played on the billiards table. These were called Pyramids and Lifepool. Snooker is based on a combination of both of the above games. The game of Pyramids requires fifteen red balls and a white cueball. The red balls were set up in a triangle but with the apex ball on the Pyramid spot. One point was scored for each red ball until all fifteen balls had been pocketed.
The game of Lifepool could be played by upto twelve people who formed the pool. Each of these players had their own coloured ball delivered by chance from a pool basket.When twelve players formed the pool the colours used were White , Red, Yellow, Green, Brown, Blue, Pink, Spot White, Spot Red, Spot Yellow, Spot Green and Spot Brown. When less players were involved the number of balls was reduced accordingly.
The story goes that Neville Chamberlain who was then a junior officer made a suggestion whilst playing during the monsoon season of 1875 at the military station of Jubblepore that to vary the game a coloured ball from the Lifepool set be added to the table of Pyramids. He continued to alter the game by adding other coloured balls. At first the positions of the balls and the values of them altered considerably. Thus a myriad of different game formats sprang up over the next few years.
However in 1882 a committee meeting of interested officers took place at Ootacmund whereupon a set of generally accepted rules was ratified and established. The name of the game came about by chance. It appears that a subaltern of the field battery at Jubblepore was being entertained by the Devon Regiment and in the course of conversation he told Neville Chamberlain about the soubriquet ‘Snooker’. This was a name used when referring to first year cadets at Woolwich . When one of the members of the party missed a simple shot into the corner pocket he said ‘Why your a regular snooker’ and bizarrely from this odd remark the name stuck and the game has been called ‘Snooker’ ever since.
The game spread throughout the British forces stationed in India as the rules were explained by the constantly moving personnel from base to base. The game became established in towns , cities and remote frontier posts.
The game arrived in Britain when officers and regiments came home on leave and it is accepted that the first ever game in England took place at Woolwich Arsenal. There was a belief for some considerable time that the game had actually been invented at Woolwich. From these beginnings the game then spread into the Gentlemen’s clubs in London as army officers joined the clubs. It was easy to establish because all these club’s already had both Pyramid and Lifepool balls. Slowly the game spread throughout Great Britain.
Interestingly Snooker was not recognised as an official game by ‘The Billiards Association’ which had been formed in 1855.By 1900 the Association had to accept that the game was now widely established and thus they decided to agree and publish the rules at their meeting on Tuesday 11th of December 1900. It took another 27 years to pass before the first professional tournament took place.
The game still failed to eclipse Billiards until well into the 1930’s. After the Second World War a number of the original and traditional Billiard Halls started to close as the advent of black and white Television gripped the nation. However once colour Television became the norm in most households it became obvious with the variety of colours on display that Snooker was perfect for viewers. From this point on Snooker became the most popular indoor game and continues to be so upto today.